Krio GriotNAMED, NOT COUNTED

Names I hold

Sidɔm,
a sabi usay yu kɔmɔt.

I hold what survived of your line. I will say each name, and tell you every hand it passed through to reach you.

Elias Perrin

Name spoken aloudWaveform of the name being said.

c. 1848 — Alabama · enslaved, then free

FREEDMEN'S BUREAU LABOR CONTRACT · 1867

DocumentedSolid ring with filled centre. DOCUMENTED · I HOLD THE RECORD

Charlotte Dixon

Name spoken aloudWaveform of the name being said.

c. 1839 — South Carolina · named in a deed of freedom

MANUMISSION DEED · CHARLESTON, 1863

DocumentedSolid ring with filled centre. DOCUMENTED · I HOLD THE RECORD

Mariama

Name spoken aloudWaveform of the name being said.

No surname held — Sierra Leone · kept in speech for four generations

SPOKEN BY HER GRANDDAUGHTER · NO PAPER SURVIVES

CarriedRing drawn as long linked segments. CARRIED · HANDED TO ME BY MOUTH

Name not recorded

Female, age 14 — Alabama · counted, never named

SLAVE SCHEDULE · 1860

AbsentFinely dotted open ring. ABSENT · I WILL NOT INVENT HER
a glimmer when a name is held

WHO CARRIED THIS NAME TO YOU

Chain of custody for one name Five points read top to bottom from 1860 to today: counted but not named on an 1860 slave schedule, the break in the record, the 1867 Freedmen's Bureau contract that named him, a personal letter kept in 1911, a granddaughter who kept the name in speech in 1974, and you in the present. 1860 counted, not named the break 1867 bureau clerk names him 1911 a letter kept 1974 granddaughter, spoken today you

100+

PLACES I LOOK

4

RECORD SYSTEMS, LINKED

1870

THE BREAK, CROSSED

7

WAYS OF KNOWING

The hardest problem in American genealogy

Where the census stops,
I keep going.

In 1870 the federal census named formerly enslaved people as free individuals for the first time. Before that year, most tools go quiet. These are the record sets that name your people through the break — and where they name no one, I say so.

BEFORE 1870

Enslaved people were counted and not named. Standard platforms have no path forward from here.

THE
WALL

RECONSTRUCTION-ERA RECORDS

Five record sets that do name them. I search, extract, and organize all five — and grade what each one can actually prove.

Freedmen's Bureau Records

1865 – 1872

DocumentedSolid ring with filled centre. DOCUMENTED

Labor contracts, marriage registers, apprenticeship records, ration rolls, and medical logs from the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Often the earliest paper anywhere to hold an ancestor's full name, family structure, and location.

Full namesFamily membersPlantation of originLabor terms

Antebellum Slave Schedules

1850 & 1860 CENSUS

InferredDashed ring with hollow centre. INFERRED

These name no one. I read age, sex, and physical description against known slaveholders, neighbouring plantations, and post-war Bureau papers to bridge the anonymity — and every crossing is marked as reasoning, never as fact.

Age matchingSlaveholder linksCounty cross-reference

Freedom Certificates & Manumission Records

1780s – 1865

DocumentedSolid ring with filled centre. DOCUMENTED

Court registries, deeds of freedom, and physical description records for free people of colour before emancipation. These often carry family relationships, ages, and the name of whoever granted freedom — a direct link into slaveholder records.

Physical descriptionsDeed referencesGrantor names

Freedman's Savings & Trust Registers

1865 – 1874

DocumentedSolid ring with filled centre. DOCUMENTED

The richest paper of the era. One depositor entry can list immediate family by name, military regiment, birthplace, former enslaver, and current address — a single record can open an entire branch.

Immediate kinshipUSCT regimentBirthplaceFormer enslaver

"Information Wanted" Advertisements

1865 – 1900

OralSmall ring flanked by two arcs. TESTIMONY

Placed in Black newspapers by freedpeople searching for family separated during slavery. Each one names individuals, former slaveholders, and last known locations — the closest thing we have to a migration and separation tracker, written by the people it happened to.

Migration routesSeparation eventsLast known location

Seven ways of knowing

I will always tell you how I know.

A griot who guesses is not a griot. Every name I give you carries the mark of how it reached me — held in a record, reasoned from evidence, spoken by kin, disputed between sources, carried across a gap where no paper survived, or missing entirely. I will not fill a silence to make you feel better.

DocumentedSolid ring with filled centre.
Documented
I HOLD THE RECORD
InferredDashed ring with hollow centre.
Inferred
I REASONED IT
OralSmall ring flanked by two arcs.
Oral
KIN TOLD ME
CarriedRing drawn as long linked segments.
Carried
HANDED DOWN
ContestedTwo facing arcs that do not close.
Contested
SOURCES DIFFER
AbsentFinely dotted open ring.
Absent
THE SILENCE NAMED
SyntheticRing crossed by an X.
Synthetic
MACHINE-MADE

What I do when you ask

Three hands. One workspace.

I work three ways at once — searching, reading, and drawing the line. Each one feeds the others, so nothing you find has to be typed twice.

01 · I SEARCH

The research assistant

Give me a name and what little you know. I look through over a hundred collections at once — Bureau papers, census archives, USCT rolls, newspapers, state repositories — and I write down every place I looked and whether it answered. The log is kept whether I find someone or not.

100+ collectionsEvery search loggedNegative results kept

02 · I READ

The archive scanner

Bring me a scan, a photograph, a letter, a deed. I read the hand, pull the names, dates, and places, and file them to archival standard without you typing a word. A box of loose paper becomes a collection you can search.

Handwriting readMetadata filledLinked to kin

03 · I DRAW THE LINE

The family tree

Bring your GEDCOM from anywhere and the whole line loads at once — every person, every connection, every date. Move through it, search it, open anyone to edit without leaving the view. Where a parent is missing, connect them and the branch redraws.

GEDCOM importEdit in placeConnect on the canvas

Four databases sit underneath all of it. Every table is editable in the cell — filter, sort, bulk-select — and every record is linked to every other.

Ancestors Directory

ONE ROW PER PERSON

The central directory for everyone in your tree — names and spellings, life status, birth and death, family connections, and DNA matches with shared cMs.

Name & aliasesLife statusBirth / death / burialFamily linksDNA cM valuesGeneration & line
Historical Events Timeline

ONE ROW PER LIFE EVENT

Each moment gets its own row — a birth, a land deed, an enlistment, an emancipation filing, a marriage. Rows stack chronologically with a citation on every one.

Event typeEvent dateLocationSource citationLinked ancestorEvidence grade
Research Log

CONTINUOUS AUDIT TRAIL

A permanent record of every search — which databases, which keywords, what date, and the result: found, not found, or inconclusive. Negative results are kept, not discarded.

Research questionDatabases searchedKeywords usedResult statusLinked ancestorGPS checklist
Digital Archive

SCANNED FILES + EXTRACTED METADATA

Where your uploads live as archival records — the original file, the text read from it, the metadata filed to standard, and links to every ancestor the document names.

Uploaded fileOCR transcriptMetadata tagsFormat & conditionLinked ancestorsCollection

Plans

Start free. Go deeper when you are ready.

Every account begins as a free workspace. Build your tree, enter what you have, and see what the research engine does before you pay anything.

Annual billing saves about 17%

STARTER

Free

$0forever

The digital replacement for paper worksheets. Build your tree, enter records by hand, and see firsthand what the engine can do.

WHAT YOU GET

  • Interactive family tree with GEDCOM import
  • Edit and connect relationships on the tree
  • DNA match entry forms, entered manually
  • 5–10 public-domain database searches
  • 3–5 Archive Scanner scans, lifetime
  • View exhibits others have published
  • 250–500 MB storage

NOT INCLUDED

  • Automated research logging
  • Persistent research log and source database
  • Unlimited Archive Scanner scans
  • Creating or publishing exhibits
Start for free

ACTIVE RESEARCHER · MOST CHOSEN

Basic

$25per month

Automates the paperwork and organizes the research process. Built for one family historian working a specific lineage.

EVERYTHING IN FREE, PLUS

  • 50 core historical and African American databases
  • Automated research log, unlimited
  • Full pedigree and DNA match tracking
  • Sources and citations database
  • Research questions tracker, GPS standard
  • 100 Archive Scanner scans each month
  • Create private digital exhibits
  • 5 GB secure storage
Get Basic

No contracts · cancel anytime

POWER RESEARCHER & ARCHIVIST

Upgrade

$49per month

Deep analysis, unlimited bulk processing, and public exhibits — for professional genealogists and large family collections.

EVERYTHING IN BASIC, PLUS

  • All 100+ databases, including deep-web state and local archives
  • Advanced analytics: spelling variants, naming patterns, brick-wall strategies
  • Unlimited Archive Scanner, bulk PDF and ZIP uploads
  • Publish exhibits publicly and privately
  • Multi-tree and client project management
  • 100 GB – 1 TB storage
Get Upgrade

No contracts · cancel anytime

FULL COMPARISON

Feature comparison across the Free, Basic, and Upgrade plans
Feature Free$0 Basic$25/MO Upgrade$49/MO
RESEARCH TOOLS
Pedigree chart and DNA treeUnlimitedUnlimitedUnlimited
Relationship calculator
Search databases5–10 public50+ core100+ complete
Automated research logManual entryFully automatedAnalytics and variants
ARCHIVE SCANNER
Metadata scans3–5 lifetime100 per monthUnlimited
Bulk PDF and ZIP upload
EXHIBITS AND COLLECTIONS
Digital exhibitsView onlyCreate privatePublic and private
STORAGE
Cloud storage250–500 MB5 GB100 GB – 1 TB
Done